Opportunities and challenges for sustainable sheep production in Serbia
2011
This paper analyzes the present state of sheep farming in Serbia and provide
guidance for sustainable development in the future. It also discusses the
challenges of the modern age that may affect the viability of sheep
production. Today in Serbia grows less than 1.5 million sheep. In terms of
breed structures, most of the population makes indigenous Pramenka sheep
(80%), while the remaining 20% are: Tsigai, Merinolandschaf, Ile de France,
Pirot improved, Mis sheep, and other less important population, as well as
the crossbreed with foreign and local domestic sheep. However, due to the
intense process of industrialization, from the second half of the twentieth
century until today there is a trend of depopulation, demographic discharge
of the village, which has resulted in reducing the farms so that the number
of sheep in the past two decades fell by about 30%. The greatest reduction in
the number of sheep registered in the nineties. After stabilization, a large
decrease in the number of sheep was followed by the 2010th year and by 6%
compared to 2008 year. Genetical improvement is significantly increased level
of production of all species of domestic animals. However, animals selected
for high and efficient production are exposed to greater risk. This primarily
refers to the physiological and immunological problems, but would generally
be said that all this leads to distortion of harmony between the organism and
the environment and the repercussions on the molecular level. Sustainable
development of sheep breeding in Serbia must be kept in mind this reality.
New challenges facing the sheep breeding of Serbia, stems from a political
orientation toward membership in the European Union. Sheep Serbia must find
its place in this new challenge.
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