Characterizing the Binding of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme I Inhibitory Peptide to Human Hemoglobin: Influence of Electromagnetic Fields.

BACKGROUND: Drug-protein complexes is one of the crucial factors when analyzing the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a drug because they can affect the excretion, distribution, metabolism and interaction with target tissues. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of human hemoglobin (Hb) and angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptide (ACEIP) in the absence and presence of different-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF). METHODS: Various spectroscopic methods like fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet, circular dichroism and conductometry techniques were applied to investigate Hb-ACEIP interaction in the absence and presence of EMF. RESULT: The presented spectroscopic studies indicated that EMF changed the interaction between Hb and ACEIP. The a-helix content of Hb decreased upon binding to ACEIP and conductivity of the solution enhanced upon binding. Based on Stern-Volmer equations, it could be stated that the Hb-ACEIP affinity was higher in the presence of EMF. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that for patients who use the drug to control blood pressure, a low-frequency electromagnetic field would have a positive effect on the uptake of the drug.