Two-dimensional nanostructure colloids in novel nano drug delivery systems

Abstract Among the various nanostructures, two-dimensional (2D) colloids are undoubted of the most important nanomaterials because of their unique physicochemical properties. Graphene oxide, MoS2 nanosheet, and black phosphorus are the most common 2D nanostructures applying for developing the nano-drug delivery systems in recent years. Diverse physical and chemical methods are used for synthesizing each of which and raising researches are done for developing the new one in the term of quality, quantity and ease of production. Surface modifications are also applied on nanostructures to improve biocompatibility, increase stability and reduce the cytotoxicity along with carrier targeting for specific organ or cell. This overcomes using the various natural and synthetic compounds attached by the covalent and non- covalent bonding regarding to different systems. Developing a more successful new nano carrier is strongly depend on having perfect knowledge on the earlier studies and identify the gaps exist in. In this review, after a brief historical introduction on the each 2D nanostructure, a detailed discussion is provided on their synthesis methods and surface modifications. Subsequently, the recent application of the nanosheets is investigated in the design of nano-drug delivery systems along with remarks in their cytotoxicity.