Battlefield Realism: The Impact of Opposing Force (OPFOR) on Friendly Force Task Performance with Implications for the National Training Center. Volume 2. OPFOR Lessons Learned

Abstract : The main objective of the research was to determine if any US job tasks needed to be modified or changed as a result of the manner in which the OPFOR (Threat) operated. It was reasoned that new training objectives specifically designed to counter the OPFOR would be needed only in those job areas where job behavior resulting from past training was ineffective in dealing with the OPFOR (Threat). Two field exercise were selected for study in which well-trained OPFOR groups employing realistic Soviet doctrine and tactics participated. Structured interviews and questionnaires were developed and interviews with participants were conducted. Some of the major findings were: US Forces must learn to do their tasks faster and with fewer errors; there are no second chances, significant changes in job content were not required, but improvement of existing skills are, intensive and repetitive training against OPFOR tactics is the only way to be prepared, Home Station Training (HST) will play a major role in preparing units to beat the OPFOR. Without a realistic OPFOR in HST, US units may find the National Training Center a painful experience.