Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 2-Amino-4,6-Dinitrotoluene and 4-Amino-2,6-Dinitrotoluene

The compounds 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene and 4-amino-2,6-nitrotoulene are primary reduction and microbial degradation products of the military explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) following its release from Army Ammunition Plants (AAPs). Amino dinitrotoluenes are formed relatively rapidly when TNT is released to the soil, and are capable of persisting in the environment. The selected NOAEL-based ingestion Toxicity Reference Value (TRV) of dinitrotoluenes when applying a respective uncertainty factor of 10 to the values for mammals, birds, and reptiles was 9.0 mg/kg/day, 0.3 mg/kg/day, and 0.5 mg/kg/day, respectively. Applying the respective uncertainty factor of 4 to the derived values gave LOAEL-based ingestion TRVs for mammals, birds, and reptiles of 47.0 mg/kg/day, 3.5 mg/kg/day, and 3.75 mg/kg/day, respectively. Sufficient data enabled determination of benchmark dose (BMD) and BMDL values of 5.47 and 3.38 from a subchronic (60-day) mortality study in male Western Fence Lizards.