A Literature Review of Late Complications of Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancers: Incidence and Dose Response

Depending on the time of its occurrence, toxicity from cancer therapy is classified as acute or delayed. Acute toxicity develops during or shortly after completion of treatment. It is often temporary and usually can be managed by conservative means. Delayed toxicity occurs months or years after treatment and is often permanent. The underlying processes of many delayed toxicities are not well understood, thus limiting the scope for their treatment and management. Delayed toxicities may exhibit severe manifestations that can affect a patient’s quality of life significantly. This report reviews some late complications of head and neck after radiation therapy and relevant dose-response information.