A novel deep photodynamic therapy modality combined with CT imaging established via X-ray stimulated silica-modified lanthanide scintillating nanoparticles

Multifunctional LaF3:Tb scintillating nanoparticles (ScNPs) coated with homogenous layers of silica and subsequently tethered with RB covalently were elaborated. The nanoconjugates with a high colloidal stability and biocompatibility could generate a reasonable amount of 1O2 through efficient energy transfer upon external illumination, which enables them to be potentially applied in diagnosis and photodynamic therapy for deep seated tumour.