小学生亲子依恋与社交焦虑的关系 Parental Attachment and Social Anxiety of Primary School Students

目的：探讨小学生亲子依恋水平与社交焦虑的关系。方法：采用亲子依恋量表和儿童特质焦虑量表对北京208名小学生进行施测，采用实验法选择其中32名小学生的状态焦虑进行测查。结果：(1)亲子依恋与特质焦虑存在显著负相关(r = −0.190，P < 0.05)，其中，母子依恋和父子依恋分别解释了特质焦虑总方差的3.2%和2.1%。(2)母子依恋与状态焦虑显著负相关(r = −0.415, P < 0.05)，母子依恋解释了状态焦虑总方差的17.2％。结论：小学生的亲子依恋水平可以显著预测其社交焦虑程度。 Objective: To investigate the relationship between parental attachment and social anxiety of primary school students. Methods: 208 primary school students were investigated with Attachment Scale and Children’s Social Anxiety Scale; 32 students among them finish the experiment examin- ing their state of anxiety when faced with stress situations. Results: (1) There were significant negative correlations between parental attachment and trait anxiety(r = −0.190, p < 0.05). Mother- child attachment and father-son attachment respectively accounted for 3.2% and 2.1% of the total variance of trait anxiety. (2) There were significant negative correlations between mother-child attachment and state anxiety (r = −0.415, p < 0.05). Mother-child attachment accounted for 17.2% of the total variance of state anxiety. Conclusion: The level of parental child attachment of primary school students can significantly predict the level of their social anxiety.