Feasibility Study on Equine Acellular Pericardium Matrix (APM): A New Tool for Breast Reconstruction

Summary The advent of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) for lower pole coverage allows immediate reconstructions with improved aesthetic outcomes and faster recovery. This study describes for the first time the use of a new acellular pericardium matrix (APM) in implant-based breast reconstruction and characterises its safety profile. Equity is a membrane with a natural cross-linked structure with many of the properties of ADMs but improved resistance and reduced thickness. A retrospective data collection of all Equity APM reconstructions was conducted at two Italian hospital centres with substantial experience using biomaterials. Between May 2013 and October 2018, a total of 63 APM-assisted breast reconstructions were performed in 55 women. The reconstructed breasts were small to medium and the mean implant weight was 285 g, ranging from 145 g to 685 g. Two patients were previously irradiated while 7 received post-operative radiation; 5 were active smokers and 6 were hypertensive. Complications included visibility in the upper pole (9.5%), seroma (1.6%), dehiscence, infection, and necrosis (3.2% for each). Implant loss occurred in 3.2% of the cases. The patients were highly satisfied, reporting scores above 50 for each section of the Breast-Q questionnaire. With an acceptable complication rate, the use of the equine APM can be considered safe with satisfactory aesthetic results. Although the retrospective nature of this study limits its clinical impact, the use of Equity can be considered a viable alternative to thicker and expensive ADMs.