Effects of system parameters on bright dissipative holographic photovoltaic solitons

In a photovoltaic dissipative system, evolution and stability of a bright dissipative holographic photovoltaic (DHP) soliton are completely determined by the given dissipative system, i.e., they are impacted by the system parameters, such as the system temperature, the photovoltaic field of the crystal, the angle between two input beams, and the angle of polarized direction. Such DHP solitons can be easily amplified or absorbed by adjusting these system parameters. They have potential applications in optical switches or repeaters.