Biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes and transfer to foods

Abstract: It is generally thought that biofilms within food processing environments are a major source of L. monocytogenes. In processing plans, common sites of post-processing L. monocytogenes contamination are filling or packaging equipment, conveyors, collators used for assembling product for packaging, racks for transporting product, hand tools, gloves, and freezers. This review discusses the basic mechanisms of adhesion and biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes as defined from genetics and proteomic studies and the influence of lineages upon biofilm formation. In addition, the current state of knowledge of the parameters which affect bacterial transfer from food processing surfaces to foods are discussed.