Ultrasound Machine: The Significance of Venous Preset

A reliable and dedicated setting of the ultrasound machine becomes crucial also for the study of the intracranial veins with transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCS). It is necessary to start from what is known of the arterial district and to modify the individual parameters on the basis of the peculiar characteristics of the intracranial venous circulation, which is, however, characterized by the lack of valves. Therefore, the flow direction in each vein and sinus is directly driven by the pressure gradient and by the flow velocity, which is definitely lower than the one of the arteries.