Integrating local perceptions with scientific evidence to understand climate change variability in northern Ghana: A mixed-methods approach

Abstract The integration of local perceptions and scientific evidence is important for developing comprehensive understandings of the complexities of climate change in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, the literature on climate change and variability (CCV) trends for the region has largely focused on either local or scientific knowledge with less insight into their integration. Responding to this lacuna, a mixed-method approach with an integral theoretical lens was applied to understand farmers’ perceptions of CCV in comparison with published meteorological data in northern Ghana. Results from the surveys, focus group discussions and interviews show that respondents perceive of increased temperatures, decreased rainfall, seasonal changes and extreme climate events, but those perceptions are spatially differentiated. Published average rainfall trends were found to be inconsistent with perceived reductions in rainfall. In contrast, perceived high temperatures were consistent with average meteorological data. Sophisticated understandings of both local and scientific knowledge systems inform decision-makers about the real lived experiences of CCV. Covariates such as location, place attachment, indigenous knowledge use and demographic characteristics of respondents influence perceptions of CCV. We suggest that scientists and decision-makers should consider a blended approach that integrates local perceptions with scientific evidence in order to develop robust and sustainable adaptation policies.