Influence of Microbiota on the Central Nervous System, and Emerging Treatments Affecting the Gut-Brain Axis

The human body is host to trillions of bacteria, with roughly 100 million located in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which includes over 500 species of bacteria. This is collectively referred to as the “Human Gut Microbiota”, the human gut microbiota develops and change over time and is affected by multiple factors. Alterations of these factors have been found to affect more than just gut health. The gut microbiota has been implicated in neurogenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Emerging research is highlighting the roles of probiotics, diet, and other treatments in improving various neurologic and neuropsychiatric health disorders.