Fragmentos do pensamento dialético na história da construção das ciências da natureza

This paper aims to identify a possible tendency of the natural sciences towards the dialectical materialism. For that, it tries to present the history of dialectic from the modern rationalism/empiricism discussion and its unfolding to the contemporary dialectical tendencies. The authors discussed are Kant, Hegel, Marx, Engels, Lenin, Horkheimer, Marcuse, Habermas, Bachelard and their epistemological schools, complemented by Althusser, Lefebvre and Kedrov. Besides these authors, we discuss other authors belonging to the two last decades, trying to extract from their ideas a dialectical view, occult in their discourses about science. Also, we search in the quantum mechanics, in fractals, in the paraconsistent logic, in the mathematical models and in the anti-determinism biology, arguments for the existence of a nature's dialectical approach form. Finally, we try to consider the reasons of the resistance against the dialectical materialism presented by the majority of the western's world scientists.