Тучные клетки и сперматогенез в норме и при повреждении

The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the condition of mast cells of testes and spermatogenesis in normal and with various types of testicular damage. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on male rats of the Wistar line. Two experimental models of testicular damage were used puncture and compression. Morphological and morphometric methods of investigation were used to study the relationship between spermatogenesis and mast cells. To assess the functional state of the testicles by chemiluminescence, a study was made of the level of total testosterone in the blood. Results. The similar destructive processes develop in the testicle with various injuries, characterized by the presence of necrotic tubules, seed balls, a decrease in the number of spermatogenic epithelial cells, an increase in the number of non-functioning tubules, and a change in a number of morphometric parameters. The reaction of mast cells to various types of damage is manifested in the enhancement of their functional activity. So after a puncture against the background of a decrease in the number of mast cells activation of their synthetic function occurs, while in squeezing the cells respond not only with an increase in functional activity, but also with an increase in their number in the organ. The conclusion. Disturbance of spermatogenesis in various injuries of the testis is accompanied by activation of the functional activity of mast cells, regardless of the nature of the damage. However, the increase in the number of mast cells in the body occurs only with the preservation of the blood–testis barrier. Since normal spermatogenesis is carried out against the background of a sufficiently high synthetic activity of mast cells, this reaction of increased synthesis and degranulation can be considered as compensatory.