Design and construction of a large test site to characterize the GPR response in the vadose zone

In this work Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) measurements are carried out on a test-site. The test site consists of a pit filled with gravel and sand in which a pipe system for water inflow is buried. The data are collected under different water charge conditions and the water level is monitored by piezometers. TDR measurements are performed at various depths using a multilevel probe system. GPR measurements are performed by using the single-offset reflection method with a system equipped with 250 MHz and 500 MHz antennas. The results pertaining to the water table depth estimations, obtained by calibrating time GPR section with TDR velocity data, have shown a good agreement with the piezometric responses.