Three-dimensional graphene oxide skeleton guided polyacrylic acid composite hydrogel particles with hierarchical pore structure for hemoperfusion

Recently, in order to increase and improve treatment efficacy of hemoperfusion, research and development of novel adsorbents have been paid much attention. Herein, three-dimensional (3D) graphene oxide (GO) skeleton guided polyacrylic acid (PAA) composite hydrogel particles (HPs) used for hemoperfusion were prepared by a core-shell template method. The 3D GO skeletons with millimeter-scale were firstly constructed with the assistance of templates, dissolvable polyethersulfone hollow particles, which were prepared by a phase inversion technique; then PAA hydrogels were formed and distributed on the surface of the 3D GO skeleton. The obtained HPs showed a special hierarchical pore microstructure, small size and uniform spherical shape. Compared with pure PAA hydrogels, the swelling ratios of the HPs were significantly restricted, and the porosities were remarkably increased; the compressive stress and the elongation at break were improved at the same time. The hemocompatibility tests, including protein adso...