Surgical instrument having single-handed-operation safety device, and operation method thereof

Provided are a surgical instrument having a single-handed-operation safety device, and an operation method thereof, comprising: an actuator (300), an intermediate connector (200), and a controller (100). The actuator (300), the intermediate connector (200) and the controller (100) are connected to one another in sequence. The actuator (300) comprises a staple cartridge component (3002), a staple anvil component (3001), and a driving component (3003). The controller (100) comprises a firing trigger mechanism and a firing safety mechanism. The surgical instrument can enable a stapler to be single-handedly operated to unlock a firing safety mechanism without sacrificing safety, thereby reducing a risk in a surgery process, and shortening a surgery time.