Some Theoretical Observations on Discourse (and Text)

In the proposed study, the authors deal with a discourse (compared to a text) as a special verbatology form. The authors proceed from the general settings of narrative theory, and upgrade it with methodological achievements of verbatology, linguistics of text, genius and functional stylistics, – with the aim to specify the notions of discourse and text in the theoretical discussion. Considering various approaches to these concepts and definitions of the two concepts, as formulated and observed from various theoretical aspects, the authors have come to believe that a text and a discourse are actually higher rank structures in relation to the syntactic language forms, i.e. that the forms of suprasentential or, actually, genre organization of the verbal activities are on one side, while the forms of its written representation are on the other side. Here we have the concept of discourse in the foreground, and we have understood the text as a support, i.e. as our starting point in the discussion, in relation to which we define the discourse. Observed in such theoretical perspective – a discourse represents the linguistic base and the structural background of the text, including all important processes of preparation and creation of structural forms of the verbal activity as a whole.