Acute toxicity evaluation of biodegradable in situ gel-forming controlled drug delivery system based on thermosensitive PEG-PCL-PEG hydrogel

In this work, a biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(e-caprolactone)-poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG-PCL-PEG, PECE) triblock copolymer was successfully synthesized. The aqueous solution of such PECE copolymer displayed special sol–gel–sol transition as temperature increase, which is a flowing sol at low-temperature and turns into a nonflowing gel at body temperature. The cytotoxicity of PECE copolymer was evaluated by cell viability assay using HEK 293 cells. In vivo gel formation and degradation test based on intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration was conducted, respectively. The acute toxicity test and histopathological study were performed in BALB/c mice by intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration of PECE hydrogel (30 Wt %), respectively. The dose of intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration was up to 10 g/kg body weight (b.w.), 25 g/kg b.w., and 25 g/kg b.w., respectively, and the mice were observed continuously for 14 days. For histopathologic study, samples including heart, liver, lung, kidneys, spleen, stomach, intestine, and tissue of injection site were prepared for histochemical analysis and were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. No mortality or significant signs of acute toxicity was observed during the whole observation period and there is no significant lesion to be shown in histopathologic study of major organs. Therefore, the maximum tolerance dose of PECE hydrogel by intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration was calculated to be higher than 10 g/kg b.w., 25 g/kg b.w., and 25 g/kg b.w., respectively. The results indicated that the prepared PECE hydrogel was nontoxic after intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration, and it could be a safe candidate for in situ gel-forming controlled drug delivery system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009