Increased Mortality in Very Young Children with Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Abuse: A Nationwide Analysis of 10,965 Patients

Abstract Background : Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability in young children; however, the impact of mechanism on outcomes has not been fully evaluated. We hypothesized that children with TBI due to abuse would have a higher mortality than children with accidental TBI due to motor vehicle collisions (MVC). Methods : We performed a retrospective review of the National Kids’ Inpatient (KID) hospitalizations database of children Results : Of 10,965 children with TBI, 65.2% were due to abuse. Overall mortality was 9.8% (n=1074). Abused children had longer LOS (5.7 vs 1.6 days, p Conclusion : Children with abusive traumatic brain injury have increased risk of mortality, longer LOS, and higher hospital charges compared to children with TBI due to motor vehicle collision after adjusting for relevant confounders. Resources must be directed at prevention and early identification of abuse.