A smart upconversion-based mesoporous silica nanotheranostic system for synergetic chemo-/radio-/photodynamic therapy and simultaneous MR/UCL imaging

abstract To achieve the accurate diagnosis and efficient in situ therapy of malignant tumors is encouraging butstill remains a big challenge. The integration of upconversion nanoparticles and mesoporous silica thatcan combine the diagnostic/therapeutic functions within a single platform, may provide a moreadvanced way for the efficient theranostics of cancer. In this study, sub-80 nm rattle-structured multi-functional Gd-UCNPs core/mesoporous silica shell nanotheranostics (UCMSNs) were successfully con-structed for the co-delivery of a radio-/photo-sensitizer hematoporphyrin (HP) and a radiosensitizer/chemodrug docetaxel (Dtxl). Upon NIR excitation and X-ray irradiation, the complete tumor eliminationhas been achieved by the synergetic chemo-/radio-/photodynamic tri-modal therapy under the assis-tance of simultaneous magnetic/upconversion luminescent (MR/UCL) bimodal imaging. To the best ofour knowledge, this study is the first example of achieving tri-modal synergetic therapy in one singlenanotheranostic system, and we anticipate that it may serve as a particularly useful platform for theclinical diagnosis and efficient treatment of cancer from bench to beside.© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.