HIGH SHEAR GRANULATION PROCESS: ASSESSING IMPACT OF FORMULATION VARIABLES ON GRANULES AND TABLETS CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH DRUG LOADING FORMULATION USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT METHODOLOGY.
2017
High shear wet granulation is a significant component procedure in the pharmaceutical industry. The
objective of the study was to investigate the influence of two independent formulation variables;
polyvinypyrrolidone (PVP) as a binder (X1) and croscarmellose sodium (CCS) as a disintegrant (X2) on the critical
quality attributes of acetaminophen granules and their corresponding tablets using design of experiment
(DoE) approach. A two factor, three level (32) full factorial design has been applied; each variable was investigated
at three levels to characterize their strength and interaction. The dried granules have been analyzed for
their density, granule size and flowability. Additionally, the produced tablets have been investigated for: breaking
force, friability, disintegration time and t80 of drug dissolution. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed
that the two variables had a significant impact (p < 0.05) on granules and tablets characteristics, while only the
binder concentration influenced the tablets friability. Furthermore, significant interactions (p < 0.05) between
the two variables, for granules and tablets attributes, were also found. However, variables interaction showed
minimal effect for granules flowability as well as tablets friability. Desirability function was carried out to optimize
the variables under study to obtain product within the USP limit. It was found that the higher desirability
(0.985) could be obtained at the medium level of PVP and low level of CCS. Ultimately, this study supplies the
formulator with beneficial tools in selecting the proper level of binder and disintegrant to attain product with
desired characteristics.
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