EBOLA VIRUS-A PROTOTYPE PATHOGEN CAUSING HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER, AN EPIDEMIC HEALTH THREAT IN PUBLIC - WORLD'S NEXT AIDS- STATUS OF IT'S VACCINE AND RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT

As the discovery of Ebola prototype pathogen as Ebola viral disease in 1976, the global spread of Ebola virus is reaching pandemic proportions, indicating a global developmental and threat in the community. The safety preventive measures, which can broadly and effectively control the spread of Ebola virus, can take it away from pandemic. In last few years, we observed that significant progress has been made in the areas like basic virology, pathogenesis of virus immunology and the development of various kinds of anti-retroviral drugs. However, the development of Ebola vaccine can be the measure to control its spread and treatment also. It is difficult to develop Ebola virus vaccine because of abrupt onset of Ebola hemorrhagic fever having incubation period of 2-21 days, ban on conduct of clinical trial on the existing animal model and some logistical problems; it may also face the problems like high variability in the genetic mutation or genome of virus, lack of immune correlates of protection etc. The Ebola vaccine development needs more volunteers or candidates to be tested in phase I clinical trial. Manufactures of vaccines needs to produce protective immune reaction toward the surface protein, multiple vaccine concepts, subunit vaccines, including DNA vaccines, live recombinants. A number of candidate of EVD vaccines have been tested in animals, promising results are obtained in non-human primates. The article reviews, the art of development of Ebola virus therapy, considering Ebola vaccine, antiretroviral drugs and creating awareness of prevalence of the disease.