Temperature dependant high output voltage generation via mechanical transducer by using surface modified (O2, CO2, NO2) ZnO nanowires

Abstract Here, we report high output piezoelectric voltage generation using ZnO nanowires oxidized at high temperature. The study has been carried out to observe behavior of ZnO nanowires in the presence of strong oxidizing gases (O, CO2, and NO2) at elevated temperature. The focus of the research was to generate high piezoelectric voltage by using surface modified ZnO nanowires. VING (vertically integrated nanowire generator) has been exposed to oxidizing gases. ZnO nanowires oxidized with O2 have shown maximum high output voltage of 3.36 V at 200o C, showing net rise of 0.762 V as compared to voltage generated at room temperature. Similarly, ZnO nanowires modified with CO2 molecules have generated piezoelectric voltage of 2.589 V at 200o C, exhibiting a rise of 0.778 V as compared to the values recorded at room temperature and ZnO nanowires modified with NO2 have generated maximum output voltage of 3.307 V at 150o C, indicating net rise of 0.59 V to the voltage values achieved at room temperature.