Implementation of an ACE1 Decomposition Method

Having established the feasibility and developed a method to decompose a control area's ACE1 into components attributable to load changes in subareas within the control area, this paper addresses some of the practical issues with an online implementation of the ACE1 model and the decomposition method. Issues examined here include time-varying system condition, nonlinearities in the governors' deadbands and AGC loop, and the impact of load disturbance external to the control area. An online recursive parameter estimation technique with adjustable forgetting factor to update the ACE1 model parameters is proposed.