Preparation of NdMn1−xFexO3+δ single crystals—Effect of preparation atmosphere and iron doping
2014
Abstract We present the study of the effect of crystal growth atmosphere (argon or air) and chemical doping (iron) on the quality and oxygen nonstoichiometry of the single crystals with the general formula NdMn 1 − x Fe x O 3 + δ , which were grown by the optical floating zone method. The analysis of the grown ingots showed that in the Ar atmosphere the losses of the oxygen lead to MnO impurities, but in the air atmosphere some Mn 3+ ions are replaced by Mn 4+ ions (thence we have observed positive δ ). The X-ray Laue diffraction and polarized light microscopy revealed that the twinning of the grown ingots is the common phenomenon. This twinning can be explained by the fact that a / c ~ 1 . Neutron diffraction experiment revealed that the preferential growing directions of the compound are (101) and (010).
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