Capacidades aeróbia, anaeróbia e parâmetros biomecânicos de nadadores de academia

A natacao de academia atende diferentes objetivos, tais como melhora da coordenacao motora e do condicionamento fisico, emagrecimento, prevencao e terapia de doencas e competicao. Porem, apesar de ser amplamente praticada, ha poucos estudos sobre as capacidades fisicas deste publico. O objetivo foi avaliar as capacidades aerobia, anaerobia e parâmetros biomecânicos de praticantes de natacao em academia. Participaram 28 voluntarios praticantes de natacao em academia do sexo masculino, agrupados nas faixas etarias: 15-18, 19-30, 31-40, 41-50 e 51-60 anos. Foram realizados testes 50 m e teste de 12 min nadando no estilo crawl com contagem de bracadas. Foi medida a distância percorrida e calculados a velocidade, o comprimento e a frequencia de bracada. A maior velocidade (1,37±0,39 m/seg) no teste de 50 m foi da faixa de 19-30 anos, tendo variacao de -10,8%, -15,3% e -16% entre as faixas subsequentes. A maior distância percorrida (636,24±179,36 m) no teste de 12 min foi da faixa de 15-18 anos, tendo variacao de -3,1%, -25,7%, -7,7% e -14,1% entre as faixas subsequentes. O maior comprimento de bracada (1,20±0,26 m/bracada) foi da faixa de 15-18 anos, tendo variacao de -2,5%, -3,6%, -9,2% e -6,1% entre as faixas subsequentes. A maior frequencia de bracada (0,73±0,11 bracada/seg) tambem foi da faixa de 15-18 anos, tendo havido diminuicao significativa de -19,8%, -3,5%, 0,5% e -3,9% entre as faixas subsequentes (p<0,05). Verificamos que a idade esta relacionada com a diminuicao das capacidades anaerobia, aerobia e parâmetros de comprimento e frequencia de bracadas em nadadores de academia. ABSTRACT Study of aerobic and anaerobic capacity, and biomechanical parameters of gym swimmers Swimming at gym meets different goals such as improved motor coordination and physical fitness, weight loss, disease prevention and therapy, and competition. However, although widely practiced, there are few studies on the physical capabilities of this public. The objective was to evaluate the aerobic, anaerobic and biomechanical parameters of swimmers in the gym. Twenty-eight male volunteers practicing swimming in a gym, grouped in the age groups: 15-18, 19-30, 31-40, 41-50 and 51-60 years. It was performed a 50 m and a 12-min test swim crawl style with stroke counts. It was measured the distance traveled and calculated the velocity, length and frequency of stroke. The highest velocity (1.37 ± 0.39 m/sec) in the 50 m test was in the range of 19-30 years, with variation of -10.8%, -15.3% and -16% between the subsequent groups. The largest distance traveled (636.24 ± 179.36 m) in the 12-min test was in the range of 15-18 years, with variation of -3.1%, -25.7%, -7.7% and -14.1% among the subsequent groups. The largest arm length (1.20 ± 0.26 m/stroke) was in the range of 15-18 years, ranging from -2.5%, -3.6%, -9.2% and -6,1% between subsequent groups. The highest stroke rate (0.73 ± 0.11 strokes/sec) was also in the range of 15-18 years, with a significant decrease of -19.8%, -3.5%, 0.5% and -3.9% among the subsequent groups(p<0.05). We verified that the age is related to the decrease of anaerobic, aerobic capacities and parameters of length and frequency of strokes in gym swimmers.