Structural, compositional, optical, thermal and magnetic analysis of undoped, copper and iron doped potassium hydrogen tartrate crystals

Crystals of pure potassium hydrogen tartrate having molecular formula KHC4H4O6, copper-mixed potassium hydrogen tartrate having molecular formula (K)1−x(Cu)xH C4H4O6 where (x =0.04) and iron-mixed potassium hydrogen tartrate having molecular formula (K)1−x(Fe)x HC4H4O6 where (x= 0.04) were grown using gel method. The materials were characterized using energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, magnetic property test and thermal analysis. The presence of tartrate ion and external mode vibrational frequencies has been identified and discussed. Doping of copper and iron in the pure potassium hydrogen tartrate single crystals found to influence the size, perfection, morphology, crystal structure and thermal stability of crystals. From powder X-ray diffraction studies, the unit cell volume of pure potassium hydrogen tartrate crystal = 857.41, Cu doped crystal = 790.64 A and Fe doped crystal =704.03 A. The magnetic properties of pure, Cu and Fe doped potassium hydrogen tartrate crystals reveal the magnetic susceptibility and magnetic moment of the grown crystals. The magnetic susceptibility of pure potassium hydrogen tartrate crystal =26.5908×10 emu, Cu doped crystal =20.4545×10 emu and Fe doped crystal =22.3636×10 emu. Similarly, the magnetic moment of pure potassium hydrogen tartrate crystal =2.525 BM, Cu doped crystal = 2.215 BM and Fe doped crystal =2.316 BM. The thermal analysis of the pure and doped samples reveal that there are two stages of decomposition. The first one is the major stage of decomposition and the second one is the minor stage of decomposition which is confirmed through DSC curves. Also, we can see that there are no co-ordinated water molecules for pure, Cu and Fe doped potassium hydrogen tartrate crystals.