Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Its Receptor, FSH Receptor, and Androgen Receptor Genes Are Overexpressed by Granulosa Cells from Stimulated Follicles in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Context: In the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), in addition to intrinsic thecal dysregulation leading to hyperandrogenism, a granulosa cell (GC) dysregulation may occur. Expression of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), FSH receptor (FSHR) and androgen receptor (AR) are suspected to be altered in PCOS GCs. Design: The aim of this prospective study was to analyze the expression of these genes at the last stages of follicular maturation in GCs from 17 patients with PCOS and 15 controls undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation during a cycle with in vitro fertilization. Materials and Methods: On the day of oocyte retrieval, follicular fluids were collected from small follicles (SF; 8–13 mm) and large follicles (17–22 mm) in separate tubes. Total RNAs and proteins were extracted from GCs. Reverse transcription was performed and quantification of gene expression levels was achieved by real-time quantitative PCR. Results: AMH and FSHR mRNA levels were significantly higher in PCOS than in controls in GCs from ...