SAINS DALAM KERANGKA ISLAM: PERSPEKTIF AMALAN SAINTIS MUSLIM SILAM (Science in the Islamic Framework: Perspective on Practice of Previous Muslim Scientists)

ABSTRAK Al-Quran dan al-Sunnah merupakan penggerak dan pencetus serta pendorong terawal umat Islam agar memperkembangkan ilmu budaya Islam dalam pelbagai bidang. Ia juga berperanan dalam memotivasikan umat Islam agar berusaha meneroka dan membongkar pelbagai lapangan keilmuan yang merangkumi ilmu berteraskan akal, sains tabii dan sains berbentuk teknikal yang pada peringkat awal perkembangannya. Perkembangan pesat ketamadunan Islam terbukti telah menyaingi tamadun-tamadun lain yang terdahulu. Di sini penulis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan yang meneliti kerangka epistemologi sains dalam Islam. Selain itu, kaedah pensejarahan dan perbandingan yang meneliti asal usul ilmu sains Islam serta perkaitannya. Melalui kaedah penelitian sosiologi yang digunakan, penulis meneliti latar belakang masyarakat yang mempengaruhi perkembangan ilmu sains Islam. Keunikan sains Islam terletak pada sumber primer ilmunya dan penggunaan pelbagai kaedah saintifik yang telah mencorakkan bentuk dan ciri utama sifatnya. Sains Islam adalah bersifat mencari matlamat yang subjektif di dalam rangka kerja yang objektif. Matlamat sains Islam termasuklah juga mencari keredhaan Allah, mementingkan kemaslahatan ummah dan mengutamakan nilai-nilai Islam yang syumul serta adil. Keunggulan sains Islam terhasil daripada kekuatan dalaman saintis Muslim yang menjadikan al-Quran dan al-Sunnah sebagai sumber ilmu utama dan kegiatan intelektual mereka yang dinamis dan kreatif serta berintegriti tinggi. ABSTRACT Al-Quran and al-Sunnah are the movers and initiators and drivers of the earliest Muslims to develop the knowledge of Islamic culture in various fields. It also plays a role in motivating Muslims to strive to explore and unravel the various sciences that includes science-based understanding of science and science-shaped habits at an early stage of technical development. The rapid development of the Islamic civilization has been proven to rival other civilizations before. The author uses the method of content analysis that examines the epistemological framework of science in Islam. In addition, historical and comparative methods that examine the origins of Islamic science and its relevance. Through sociological research methods used, the author examines the background of the people who influenced the development of Islamic sciences. The uniqueness lies in Islamic science is primary sources of knowledge and the use of various scientific methods that have shaped the form and nature of the main features. Islamic science is search for a subjective goal in the objective framework. The goal of Islamic Science also which includes seek the pleasure of Allah, seeking the benefit of the nation and give priority to the values of Islam which is holistic and fair. Islamic science excellence resulting from inner strength of Muslim scientist because they makes al-Quran and al-Sunnah as the primary source of knowledge and their intellectual activity are dynamic and creative and high integrity.