Prevalencia y características clínicas de la apnea del sueño en una población de mujeres diagnosticadas de cáncer de mama

espanolOBJETIVO A pesar del interes creciente en la asociacion entre apnea de sueno (AS) y cancer, apenas existen estudios que investiguen tumores concretos. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la prevalencia y caracteristicas clinicas de la AS en mujeres con cancer de mama (CM). METODOLOGIA Estudio piloto transversal. Se incluyen consecutivamente 83 mujeres entre 18 – 65, anos diagnosticadas por primera vez de CM. En todos los casos se realizo un cuestionario clinico y una poligrafia respiratoria domiciliaria. La AS se definio como un indice de apneas-hipopneas (IAH) ≥5, y el sindrome de apneas-hipopneas del sueno (SAHS) como la asociacion de un IAH ≥5 y excesiva somnolencia diurna (ESD, Epworth >10). RESULTADOS La media (DE) de edad fue de 48,8 (8,8) anos, el indice de masa corporal (IMC) de 27,4 (5,4) y el 50,6% eran postmenopausicas. La prevalencia de AS fue del 51,8% (43 casos), y la mediana de IAH de 5,1 (RIQ 2 – 9,4). De las 43 pacientes con AS, 32 presentaron un IAH 5 – 14,9 y 11 IAH ≥15. La prevalencia de SAHS fue del 10,8% (9 casos). Comparadas con las mujeres sin AS, aquellas con AS presentaron mas ronquido, pero no hubo diferencias en otros sintomas relacionados con el sueno. En el analisis multivariado, la edad y las variables antropometricas, pero no la ESD, se asociaron independientemente a la AS. CONCLUSIONES La prevalencia de AS es elevada en mujeres de mediana edad diagnosticadas de CM, aunque la mayoria no presentan ESD ni otras caracteristicas diferenciales. La edad y la obesidad fueron predictores de AS en esta poblacion. EnglishObjective: Despite growing interest in the association between sleep apnea and cancer, there are hardly any studies that research specific tumors. Our objective was to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of sleep apnea in women with breast cancer. Methods: A transversal pilot study. 83 women between the ages of 18 and 65 diagnosed with breast cancer for the first time were included consecutively. All participants completed a clinical questionnaire and underwent home respiratory polygraphy. Sleep apnea was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5 and sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) was defined as the association between an AHI ≥5 and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS, Epworth >10). Results: The average (SD) age was 48.8 (8.8) years old, the body mass index (BMI) was 27.4 (5.4) and 50.6% were postmenopausal. The prevalence of sleep apnea was 51.8% (43 cases) and the average AHI was 5.1 (IQR: 2 – 9.4). Of the 43 patients with sleep apnea, 32 had an AHI between 5 and 14 and 11 had an AHI ≥15. The prevalence of SAHS was 10.8% (9 cases). Compared to women without sleep apnea, those with the disease snored more, but there were no differences in other sleep-related symptoms. In the multivariate analysis, age and anthropometric variables, but not EDS, were independently associated with sleep apnea. Conclusion: The prevalence of sleep apnea is higher in middle-aged women diagnosed with breast cancer, although the majority do not present with EDS or other distinguishing characteristics. Age and obesity were predictors for sleep apnea in this population.