OLI and TIRS Sensor Platforms for Detection the Geothermal Prospecting in Peut Sagoe Volcano, Aceh Province, Indonesia

Geothermal energy is one of the renewable energy sources that can be utilized to replace fossil fuels. The conventional geophysical methods have been applied to determine geothermal potential areas in the globe. These existing methods are costly and time-consuming for explorations in a wide range and unreachable volcano area. Thus, an alternative and challenging approach for identifying a geothermal prospecting area is remotely sensed thermal infrared imagery. This study aims to explore and evaluate the use of a sensor platform of Thermal Infrared Scanner (TIRS) and Operational Land Imager (OLI), Landsat 8 for mapping geothermal resource in Peut Sagou volcano. The mountain is an active volcano in Aceh Province, Indonesia that is possible to develop a geothermal power plant by an energy estimation of 100 MWe. The several processing techniques have been applied such as composite bands for lithological mapping that related to the geological aspect of the volcano, Normalize Deferential Vegetation Index (NDVI) threshold methods of spectral emissivity used for mapping the land cover area, and the Land Surface Temperature (LST) by split windows algorithm method to study the temperature distribution related to the activity of geothermal resources in the sub-surface. The composite band shows clearly the lineament of the faults, and alluvium deposits in the manifestation area, which is specifically located in the top of the volcano. NDVI data shows a low vegetation index (-0.4 - 0.5) in the manifestation area, while the Land Surface Emissivity (LSE) also allows mapping of a weak zones area that is characterized by low radiation index <0.98. The high-temperature value (21 - 30 C) from the LST map is obtained at the top of the volcano in response to the conduit zone area, which functions as a route for fluid discharge from the reservoir to the surface. The LST data also shows some areas with relatively high temperatures (19 - 20 C) in response to the weak zone areas such as faults and the distribution of surface manifestations. We conclude that TIRS dan OLI sensors from Landsat 8 demonstrate high efficiency for potential mapping of geothermal resources in the Peut Sagou volcano.