Proposal of indicators to evaluate complementary feeding based on World Health Organization indicators

This study compares complementary feeding World Health Organization (WHO) indicators with those built in accordance with Brazilian recommendations (Ten Steps to Healthy Feeding). A cross-sectional study was carried out during the National Immunization Campaign against Poliomyelitis in Guarapuava-Parana Brazil in 2012. Feeding data from 1355 children aged 6-23 months were obtained through the 24 h diet recall. Based on five indicators the proportion of adequacy was evaluated: introduction of solid semi-solid or soft foods; minimum dietary diversity; meal frequency; acceptable diet; and consumption of iron-rich foods. Complementary feeding showed adequacy higher than 85% in most WHO indicators while review by the Ten Steps assessment method showed a less favorable circumstance and a high intake of unhealthy foods. WHO indicators may not reflect the complementary feeding conditions of children in countries with low malnutrition rates and an increased prevalence of overweight/obesity. The use of indicators according to the Ten Steps can be useful to identify problems and redirect actions aimed at promoting complementary feeding. (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd.