Dynamics of Microtubule Pseudo-Spin under the Influence of External Electric Field

In this paper, the longitudinal polarization (order parameter) and electric susceptibility in the microtubule system have been investigated in the absence and presence of an external electric field using the mean-field approximation (MFA). We analyzed the behavior of the pseudo-spins inside the tubulin dimers by the transverse Ising approximation. We found out that in the absence of the electric field, the coupling constant of spin-spin interaction and anisotropic interaction bring the system in a ferroelectric (FE) phase while high temperatures and transverse fields bring the transition to paraelectric (PE) phase. Moreover, the presence of an external electric field increases the critical temperatures and brings the hysteresis phenomenon in the microtubule system.