Incidence of lip and palate clefts in children in Nis from 1990 to 2007
2011
Introduction. Cleft lip and palate is a complex congenital anomaly of the
orofacial system in children. Objective. The aim of this study was to
determine the incidence of live-born children with cleft lip and/or palate
compared to the total number of children born in the period from January 1,
1990 to December 31, 2007. Methods. Epidemiological investigation was based
on the records of live-born children at the Hospital of Gynaecology and
Obstetrics of the Clinical Centre Nis. The study included 61,116 live-born
children, i.e. 56,905 full-term babies. Results. The total number of
registered clefts during the investigation period was 43 (22 boys and 21
girls). The most frequent were the secondary palate clefts (44.2%); combined
clefts were present in 34.9%, while primary palate clefts were reported in
20.9%. In respect to the season and order of birth, there was no
statistically significant difference in the frequency of the primary,
secondary and complete palate clefts. The age of mothers was not identified
as a risk factor for the occurrence of cleft lip and palate. Conclusion. In
the studied period, 43 children were born with the cleft lip and/or palate,
equally in boys as in girls. The secondary palate clefts were most frequent.
The season and order of birth had no statistical influence on the occurrence
of this anomaly.
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