“Mycobacterium tilburgii” Infection in Two Immunocompromised Children: Importance of Molecular Tools in Culture-Negative Mycobacterial Disease Diagnosis

“Mycobacterium tilburgii” is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that cannot be cultured by current techniques. It is described as causing disseminated disease in adults. We present the first cases of disseminated disease in 2 immunocompromised children. This paper stresses the importance of molecular techniques for correct mycobacterial identification and guidance to immunological diagnosis.