Electro-conductive member, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus
2012
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using a conductive member, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic image. To provide a stable chargeability of the electrophotographic conductive member. The conductive member includes, in order, a conductive substrate, a conductive elastic layer and a surface layer. The surface layer comprises a polymer having a urethane bond. Said polymer having in the molecule at least two structures comprises a structure selected from the following groups: Structure A structure of the group represented by a particular structural formula (1); specific structure represented by the structural formula (2), and by the structural formula ( 3) at least one structure represented by the structure of the group B; and the specific structure represented by the structural formula (4) the structure of group C. Volume resistivity of the surface layer is 1.0 × 1010Ω · cm or more and 1.0 × 1016Ω · cm or less, a universal hardness and a surface layer from its surface to a depth of 1μm at 1.0N / mm2 or more and 7.0N / mm2 or less.
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