Collegenase activity in fig latex could contribute to its efficacy in ethnomedicinal preparations

Abstract Ficus carica , the common fig has been widely used for centuries for medicine as well as food. Fig latex is used for the treatments of cancer, inflammatory diseases, bacterial and gastrointestinal nematode infections, warts and skin diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate if some of the fig latex applications could be attributed to collagenase activity. The usage of figs in the Western Balkans indicated that the latex of unripe fruits is often used for treatments that could involve remodeling of connective tissue. Collagenase activity in fig latices collected in spring was twice as high as the one detected in summer. Collagenase improved diffusion of low-molecular-weight model molecule through the gelatin hydrogel. Fig latex collagenase was stable during boiling and in the simulated gastric conditions for up to 1 h. The presence of fig latex collagenase in traditional medicine preparations could increase treatment efficacy by hydrolyzing collagen present in extracellular matrix and facilitating the penetration of active molecules through the connective tissue.