CARACTERIZACIÓN DE HONGOS ENTOMOPATÓGENOS Y RIZOBACTERIAS PROMOTORAS DE CRECIMIENTO DE LA RIZÓSFERA DE Vitis vinifera.

Sustainable agricultural practices, such as fertilization and pest management can be achieved through the use of microorganisms found in nature. In the present investigation, the in vitro characterization of entomopathogenic fungi (EF) and growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) was performed and the symbiotic relationship between them was evaluated. The methodology included isolation, molecular identification, effect of temperatures and the pathogenicity of EF. In the case of PGPR, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, siderophores and indolacetic acid production was analyzed; finally, the antagonism in vitro between EF and PGPR was also determined. Betweem the isolated species of EF (M. anisopliae and B. bassiana), M. anisopliae had a better adaptability at different temperatures (15, 25 and 35 ° C), with no significant differences in pathogenicity among them (F = 0.66; p> 0.6861). Among the isolated PGPR genera (Exiguobacterium, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Chryseobacterium, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter and Stenotrophomonas), the best results were obtained by Chryseobacterium and Bacillus. The radial growth of B. pseudobassiana and M. anisopliae was negatively affected by PGPR. However, that of B. pseudobassiana was inhibited 2.6 times more than that of M. anisopliae. In conclusion, there are entomopathogenic fungi and rhizobacteria that promote growth in the rhizosphere of the grapevine, with the potential to be used in consortium in different crops and pests, and provide greater protection for plants.