Chemical Characterization of a Procyanidin-Rich Extract from Sorghum Bran and Its Effect on Oxidative Stress and Tumor Inhibition in Vivo

The present study was to characterize a procyanidin-rich extract (PARE) from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) bran and assess its biological activities. The procyanidin oligomers were separated and identified by normal-phase HPLC equipped with fluorescence (FLD) and mass spectrometry (MS) detectors. In addition, the effects of PARE on oxidative stress in mice induced by D-galactose as well as tumor inhibition in C57BL/6J mice bearing Lewis lung cancer were investigated. Administration of D-galactose significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px).Thiswasaccompaniedbyasignificant(p<0.05)increaseinmalondialdehyde(MDA)levelsinbothliverand serum.AdministrationofPARE(150mg/kg)significantly(p<0.05)reversedthe D-galactose-inducedoxidativestressbyenhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, PARE administration inhibited tumor growth and metastasis formation by suppressingvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)production.TheresultssuggestedthatPAREhadantioxidantandantitumor activities.