Respective Contribution of Personal and Organizational Factors in Creating Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Employees

This study aims at investigating role and contribution of personal and organizational factors in creating organization citizenship behaviors (OCB) in young medical doctors in Pakistan. The effects of personal factors and organizational factors i.e. personality (big five model) spirituality, job characteristics (motivational job design), management style (based on theory X and Y) and both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards are measured on three dimensions of OCB i.e. interpersonal organizational citizenship behaviors (ICBO), Task organizational citizenship behaviors, (TOCB) and over all organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) at workplace. Mediating role of personality and spirituality OCB has also been measured. Data has been collected through a well-structured questionnaire from 354 Young Doctors working in both public and private hospitals located in Lahore city. Different statistical tools such as Independent Sample T-test, one way ANOVA, Linear Regression and Correlation have been applied to analyze the data. Positive and significant relationship found between spirituality and all levels of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and between rewards and organizational level OCB (OCBO) job characteristics and Task OCB (OCBT) conscientiousness and OCBT. Negative and significant relation found between all levels of OCB and neuroticism. The findings of the study provide clear and obvious understanding about the differentiating role of organizational and personal factors citizenship behavior contributors. The study also endow with significant suggestion, recommendations and implications for the health care industry in Pakistan to devise policies and strategies regarding reward allocation, management styles, job design and personal grooming of their employees. The limitations and future area of research have also been discussed in the study.