Biological sensing with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using a facile and rapid silver colloid-based synthesis technique
2011
Optical techniques towards the realisation of sensitive and selective biosensing platforms have received a
considerable amount of attention in recent times. Techniques based on interferometry, surface plasmon resonance,
field-effect transistors and waveguides have all proved popular, and in particular, spectroscopy offers a large range
of options. Raman spectroscopy has always been viewed as an information rich technique in which the vibrational
frequencies reveal a lot about the structure of a compound. The issue with Raman spectroscopy has traditionally
been that its rather low cross section leads to poor limits-of-detection. In response to this problem, Surface-enhanced
Raman Scattering (SERS), which increases sensitivity by bringing the sample in contact with many types of
enhanceing substrates, has been developed. Here we discuss a facile and rapid technique for the detection of pterins
using colloidal silver suspensions. Pteridine compounds are a family of biochemicals, heterocyclic in structure, and
employed in nature as components of colour pigmentation and also as facilitators for many metabolic pathways,
particularly those relating to the amino acid hydroxylases. In this work, xanthopterin, isoxanthopterin and 7,8-
dihydrobiopterin have been examined whilst absorbed to SERS-active silver colloids. SERS, while far more
sensitive than regular Raman spectroscopy, has its own issues relating to the reproducibility of substrates. In order to
obtain quantitative data for the pteridine compounds mentioned above, exploratory studies of methods for
introducing an internal standard for normalisation of the signals have been carried out.e
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