Hyperkalemia and Ion Exchange Resins

enal failure is one of the most frequent causes of hyperkale-mia. Hyperkalemia is clinically observed and biologically con-fi rmed in 15% to 20% of patients on chron-ic hemodialysis. Hyperkalemia is deemed slight with a plasma potassium concentra-tion between 5.5 and 6 mmol/L, moderate between 6.1 and 6.9 mmol/L, and severe when higher than 7 mmol/L. In addition to hemodialysis, treatment options include calcium gluconate, insulin with glucose, salbutamol, sodium bicarbonate, and ion exchange resins.