Ring cavity solid-state Raman lasers generating in visible and eye-safe spectral regions

Recently, ring cavity Raman lasers have shown to be a great potential in silicon photonics. Here, ring architecture of a Raman cavity enables to realize on-chip integration with other components to provide highly integrated and scalable monolithic devices [1]. The ring cavity configuration is often used in traditional laser systems where it allows for number advantages over linear cavities [2]. In nonlinear frequency converters, using ring architecture, in addition to suppressing spatial hole burning, prevents the optical feedback with a pump source and produce angular separation of a pump beam and a converted beam without additional spectral selectors. In Raman lasers, multi-mirrors ring cavities possess extra degree of spectral selectivity that promotes increased output into desirable Stokes order. Despite their advantages, there is only limited number of publications on using ring cavity configuration for bulk solid-state Raman lasers [3].