Productos farmacéuticos y de cuidado personal presentes en aguas superficiales, de consumo humano y residuales en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia

espanolContextualizacion: gracias al avance de tecnicas analiticas sensibles desarrolladas en las ultimas decadas, se ha podido identificar y cuantificar la presencia de diversos contaminantes en el medio acuatico, dentro de este grupo se encuentran los contaminantes emergentes (CE) conformados por productos de cuidado e higiene personal, antibioticos, hormonas, plastificantes, farmacos y otros que son vertidos a las fuentes de agua alterando el equilibrio de estos ecosistemas. Vacio de investigacion: diversas investigaciones muestran que los contaminantes emergentes pueden comprometer la vida acuatica y la salud humana. A la fecha en la ciudad de monteria y en el departamento de Cordoba no se encuentran reportados ningun estudio que permita evidenciar la presencia de contaminantes emergentes en agua superficial, de consumo humano y residual. Proposito del estudio: el presente estudio, tuvo como objetivo evaluar la presencia de cinco contaminantes emergentes comunes: naproxeno, ibuprofeno, gemfibrozilo, cafeina y triclosan en muestras de agua de consumo humano, residual y superficial colectadas al norte del pais, representando asi uno de los primeros estudios en reportar la presencia de estos compuestos en fuentes hidricas en esta region. Metodologia: se empleo extraccion en fase solida (SPE) para el analisis de las muestras de agua, la deteccion y cuantificacion se realizo por cromatografia liquida de alta eficacia con detector de arreglo de diodo y fluorescencia molecular (HPLC-DAD-FLD). Resultados y conclusiones: el ibuprofeno fue el compuesto que se encontro con mayor frecuencia en las muestras de agua, caso contrario al triclosan, que fue el menos detectado (2.25 µg/L); se hallo cafeina en un maximo de 43.38 µg/L mientras que las concentraciones de naproxeno e ibuprofeno estuvieron entre 0.047 y 10.21 µg/L, resaltando la presencia de ibuprofeno y gemfibrozilo en agua de consumo humano. Estos resultados manifiestan la presion antropogenica ejercida sobre los compartimientos acuaticos, convirtiendose en un problema ambiental que compromete la dinamica y servicios ecosistemicos. Se encontro que las plantas de abastecimiento de agua no tienen en cuenta la presencia de estos compuestos en sus sistemas de potabilizacion, lo cual podria constituirse un problema de salud publica en un futuro. EnglishContextualization: Advancement in the Sensitivity of Analytical Techniques developed in recent decades contribute to identify and quantify the presence of various pollutants in the aquatic environment, within this group of pollutants we have the emerging pollutants (EP) which are mainly organic compounds present as personal care and hygiene products, antibiotics, hormones, plasticizers, drugs and other products that are dumped into water sources altering the balance of these ecosystems. Knowledge gap: Several studies show that emerging pollutants may negatively affect aquatic life and human health. To date, in the city of Monteria and in the department of Cordoba, any investigations has been reported that allows evidence of the presence of emerging pollutants in surface water, for human and residual consumption. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the presence of five common emerging pollutants: naproxen, ibuprofen, gemfibrozil, caffeine and triclosan in samples of water for human, residual and surface consumption collected in the north of Colombia, representing thus one of the first studies to report the presence of these compounds in water sources in this region. Methodology: Solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for the analysis of the water samples; the detection and quantification were carried out by high efficiency liquid chromatography with a diode array detector and molecular fluorescence (HPLC-DAD-FLD). Results and conclusions: Ibuprofen was the most frequently found compound in the water samples, opposite to triclosan, which was the least detected (2.25 µg / L), caffeine was found with a maximum of 43.38 µg/L, while concentrations of naproxen and ibuprofen were between 0.047 and 10.21 µg/L, which is an important health concern due to presence of these compounds in drinking waters. These results show the anthropogenic pressure exerted on the aquatic compartments, which could become an environmental problem that may affect the dynamics and ecosystem services. It was found that the water supply plants do not take into account the presence of these compounds in their purification systems, which could become a public health issue in the future. Ibuprofen was found most frequently in all three the water sources, in contrast to triclosan, which was the least frequently detected at low levels (2.25 µg / L), caffeine was found with a maximum of 43.38 µg/L, while naproxen and ibuprofen concentrations were between 0.047 and 10.21 µg/L. These results show the anthropogenic pressure exerted on the aquatic compartments, which could become an environmental problem in the future. At the same time, it shows that the water supply plants do not take into account the presence of these compounds in their purification systems; Although the concentrations reported are low, it does not indicate that they do not represent any type of risk