First record of the Peruvian yellow-tailed woolly monkey Lagothrix flavicauda in the Región Junín, Peru

The Critically Endangered Peruvian yellow-tailed woolly monkey Lagothrix flavicauda was presumed to only occur in the tropical montane cloud forests between the Maranon and Huallaga rivers in northern Peru. Here we report the discovery of a population to the south of its previously known range, in the Region Junin. During September–December 2018 we carried out transect surveys to record large mammals present near the village of San Antonio in the district of Pampa Hermosa, at 1,287–2,015 m altitude. We recorded five primate species during transect surveys. Lagothrix flavicauda was seen four times, and appeared phenotypically distinct from populations to the north, with notable white patches above each eye and a reduced yellow patch at the end of the tail. The presence of L. flavicauda in Junin extends its known geographical range over 200 km southwards from the closest previously known population in the Huanuco region, and presents a unique opportunity for the conservation of this Critically Endangered species.