Determination of Some Heavy Metals Speciation Pattern in Typha domingensis Invaded Soil in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria

The speciation of some heavy metals in Typha domingensis invaded soil along Gombe road, Bauchi were evaluated. Soil samples from the Typha domingensis invaded soil and the control site were collected and analyzed for exchangeable bound metals, carbonate bound metals, manganese bound metals, iron-manganese bound metals, organic/sulphide bound metals and residual bound metals using standard procedures. The results of the Typha domingensis invaded soil were found to be exchangeable bound metals: iron (1.47 ± 0.20 mg/dm 3 ), zinc (1.45 ± 0.02 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (0.16 ± 0.04 mg/dm 3 ), carbonate bound metals: iron (26.10 ± 1.01 mg/dm 3 ), zinc(2.66 ± 0.17 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (0.89 ± 0.03 mg/dm 3 ), manganese bound metals: iron (14.50 ± 0.45 mg/dm 3 ), zinc(4.03 ± 0.78 mg/dm 3 ) and lead(1.22 ± 0.06 mg/dm 3 ), iron-manganese bound metals: iron (120.40 ± 19.15 mg/dm 3 ), zinc(6.79 ± 1.12 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (2.16 ± 0.05 mg/ dm 3 ), organic/sulphide bound metals: iron (5.90 ± 0.50 mg/dm 3 ), zinc(4.14 ± 0.68 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (3.58 ± 0.07 mg/dm 3 ), while residual bound metals: iron (13.10 ± 0.55 mg/dm 3 ), zinc(6.12 ± 0.17 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (4.48 ± 0.09 mg/dm 3 ).The results of the control soil sample (without Typha domingensis) showed the exchangeable bound metals: iron (9.40 ± 1.89 mg/dm 3 ), zinc (1.71 ± 0.45 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (0.28 ± 0.05 mg/dm 3 ), carbonate bound metals: iron (0.70 ± 0.12 mg/dm 3 ), zinc (2.20 ± 0.71 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (0.46 ± 0.12 mg/dm 3 ), manganese bound metals: iron (2.50 ± 0.21 mg/dm 3 ), zinc (1.90 ± 0.09 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (1.68 ± 0.04 mg/dm 3 ), iron-manganese bound metals: iron (221.30 ± 21.12 mg/dm 3 ), zinc (7.46 ± 0.48 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (2.75 ± 0.06 mg/dm 3 ), organic/sulphide bound metals: iron (4.20 ± 0.62 mg/dm 3 ), zinc (3.70 ± 0.80 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (3.93 ± 0.04 mg/dm 3 ) and residual bound metals: iron (30.10 ± 5.80 mg/dm 3 ), zinc (7.38 ± 0.61 mg/dm 3 ) and lead (0.53 ± 0.03 mg/dm 3 ) respectively. Statistical analysis using pooled standard deviation method of computing t indicated significant difference in all the fractions (p ≤ 0.05). This research work showed that the plant (Typha domingensis) have negative impacts on the soil samples.