Geminin, Ki67, and minichromosome maintenance 2 in gastric hyperplastic polyps, adenomas, and intestinal-type carcinomas: pathobiological significance.

Background Geminin negatively regulates Cdt1 and induces the formation of prereplicative complexes by loading mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (Mcm) onto chromatin and limiting DNA replication to once per cell cycle. Recent studies have suggested that geminin expression is a marker of the S/G2/M phase of the cell cycle and is associated with a poor prognosis in various human malignancies. This study aimed to clarify the pathobiological role of geminin in intestinal-type gastric carcinoma, and its relationships with minichromosome maintenance 2 (Mcm2) and Ki67 expression.